Effectiveness of the Early Support Program for 2-Year-Old Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Friday, May 18, 2012
Sheraton Hall (Sheraton Centre Toronto)
10:00 AM
N. Inada1, M. Kuroda2 and Y. Kamio1, (1)National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan, (2)Department of Psychology, Shukutoku University, Chiba, Japan
Background: In Japan, although the importance of the early detection of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been recognized, the formal community support systems for children with ASD and their families in still lacking. One of the most common services in Japan is the community-based early support program, which is characterized by its low-intensity, eclectic nature, and parents’ participation.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the early support program in Japan for 2-year-old children with ASD.

Methods: The participants were thirty-four children, who were identified throughout routine health checkups and were diagnosed with ASD when they were between 20 and 31 months of age (mean = 24.6 months). They were provided  the community-based early support program for 1 year, which was conducted for 2 hours per 1–2 weeks and characterized by its eclectic nature and which required parents’ participation. Children underwent evaluations pre-intervention and after 1 year of intervention.These evaluations included the assessment of developmental functioning (the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development (Kyoto Scale) and the Enjoji Analytic Developmental Scale (Enjoji)) and ASD symptoms (ADI-R and ADOS).

Results: The outcomes exhibited a significant improvement in both developmental functioning and autistic symptoms.Significant progress was noted in the developmental quotient of language and the social domain of the Kyoto Scale after 1 year of intervention. Further, the social interaction domain scores of both ADI-R and ADOS showed significantly improvement. In addition, communication domain scores and severity scores of ADOS demonstrated significant progress. Moreover, children with repetitive behavior at 2 years of age showed significant reduction in some items of the repetitive domain in ADOS and ADI-R.

Conclusions: These findings emphasize the importance of early detection and early intervention for children with ASD. 

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