This panel combines cutting-edge behavioral phenotyping and electrophysiology to examine executive function (EF) in children with ASD. EF is one of the strongest predictors of academic, social, adaptive, and mental health outcomes. Recent behavioral and neurobiological evidence suggests that difficulties in EF skills may emerge early on in children with ASD. However, the current scope of research is limited by a lack of 1) valid, child-friendly tasks targeting core EF skills specifically designed for ASD, 2) studies examining the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of EF, and 3) longitudinal investigations elucidating long-term impacts of early problems with EF. To address these gaps, the first presentation examines the patterns of EF in children with ASD based on highly-usable, innovative, tablet-based EF games that incorporate both social and non-social stimuli. The second and third presentations investigate electrophysiological markers of EF in relations to achievement, symptom severity and other clinical features in children with ASD. The last presentation examines the link between preschool EF and long-term outcomes in ASD symptom severity and adaptive functions based on a 12-year longitudinal study. These findings provide a further step towards advancing our understanding of early neurobiological and behavioral patterns of EF and their impacts on longer-term outcomes.